Note taking pg 198-211

• There were one scientist who looked at the pieces of puzzle wad Alfred Wegener.
• 1900s- he wrote hypothesis about continental drift.
• Continental drift also explains why fossils of plants or animals same found on many different places.
• Continental drift is the hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up and drifted to their present location.

Pangaea

• 245 million years ago.
• Pangaea existed
• Was surrounded by a sea named panthalassa.
• 180 years ago.
• Pangaea broke into two big parts
• northern- Laurasia
• southern-Gondwana
• 65 million years ago.
• Dinosaur extinct.
• Laurasia and Gondwana split into more smaller pieces.

Sea-Floor Spreading

• Mid-Ocean Ridges and sea-floor spreading
• Mid-underwater mountain chains that runs through Earth`s ocean basins.
• The process of which new oceanic lithosphere(crust) forms as magma that rises toward the surface and solidifies.
• if tectonic plates move apart from each other, the sea floor fills with magma.
• After the new crust forms, old crust gets pushed away from Mid-Ocean ridge.
• Evidence of sea-floor spreading comes from magnetic reversals.
• early history-north./south magnetic poles changed for many times.
• Magnetic poles change, called magnetic reversal.

Plate tectonics

• Plate tectonics- the theory that explains how large pieces of earth`s crust change shape and move.
• Convergent boundary- formed by a collision of two lithosphere plates.
• Divergent boundary- when two tectonic plates move away.
• Transform boundary- when two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally.

Possible movements of tectonic plates.

• Ridge push- Because the oceanic lithosphere is higher than it is, it slides down under the force of the gravity.
• Slab pull-edge of the tectonic plate that contains oceanic lithosphere, it pulls tectonic plate. Because oceanic lithosphere is denser than asthenosphere.
• Convection-causes the oceanic lithosphere move sideways and away from the mid-ocean ridge.

GPS- Global Positioning System.

Deformation

• Compression-squeezed;two tectonic plates collide. ;If compression occurs at a convergent boundary, large mountains can form.
• Tension-force act to stretch an object; two tectonic plates gets apart.

• Volcanic mountains-convergent area; convergent boundary sinks into asthenospere at subduction zone.

Faulting

• : A break in a body of rocks which slides relative each another.
• Normal faults- occur when tectonic forces causes tension which pulls the rocks apart*.
• Reverse Faults-occur when forces causes compression which push the rocks together.

science compain proj. group

MEDIA
Sid-bring camera
Tasha-music and styles
Soohee/Anmol/palak-dance
Matthew-vedio taping

"Bag it" Reflection 2

It was such a amazing film. It showed us exactly how is the plastic is harmful to us also environment and animal. After I watched all the film, i was so shocked that I didn't even want to touch the plastic. Also, I started to realize that around us, most of the things are made out of plastic. For example, plastic bottles, plastic bag, cup(coffee or hot water), aluminum can and a lot of more. I heard that there are plastics flowing to water, river to ocean. So, giant patch of plastics are in North pacific ocean and more. The giant patches of plastics killed a lot of marine animals. For example, most of the turtle species eats jelly fish. However, if they see plastic bag on the water, it kind a looks like jelly fish so if they eat that, it will be harmful for them. About the plastic that have toxic shock me too. So, I've decide to use less plastic, get your own bag, and recycle plastics.

               

"Bag It" Reflection 1

Today I watched a movie that is actually about "plastic bags". It tells about how much plastic is bad to us as well as our environment. Plastic bags will never be gone. It is made out of fossil fuels. This relates to Earth science.The topic that we learned about. Which is, energy sources. Energy sources contain Coal, petroleum, natural gas, and alternative energy. The biggest problem of the plastic it is pollution. I heard that 500 billion of plastic bags were made. It causes pollution to the air, water, etc. But it mostly pollutes ocean. The cause of the pollution from plastic made countries start to use paper bag or their own bag instead of plastic bag. So, nowadays many countries are banned to use plastic bags. Not only plastic bags, there are plastic bottles, aluminum can, plastic cups, etc. They were all used but thrown right away. I did not understand why people are making plastic if they are going to be thrown away in short time of period.(?) I think using paper bag is the best because it could be recycled over and over ( can be used a lot of time). However, also paper bag harms environment because to make paper bags they would have to cut down the trees. To sum up, it is relating what we learned and I would want everyone to recycle plastics. Then it will help our Earth to be GREEN.



         

Note taking exercise- Energy

      What is Energy?

• Energy- Everything we do like jump shot, baking cookies, and turning on the light.
• There are two types of energy

• 1.Stored energy- also called as potential energy, food you eat.
• Your body will store energy when you are eating and use it when you run, jump, play or etc.
• 2.Working energy- also called kinetic energy, when you are running, jumping and playing.
• Faster run,-more kinetic energy you have.
• Same as molecules, atoms and waves of sound and light.

       How is Energy generated?

• Biomass Energy

• Renewable
• Homegrown energy source
• Includes tress, farm crops, manure, plants and landfill gas.
• US biomass create 34% of all energy we use.

• Coal

• Creates more than half electricity by Americans.
• 1/4 of coals are from United states.
• Recoverable oil

• Gas

• Burned to used-clean burning
• natural gas became the fuel of choice for new power plants.
• became Increasingly popular 
• use gas turbines and combustion engines ti generate electricity

• Geothermal

• underground reservoirs of stream, hot water and dry rocks 
• It is produce electricity by extracting hot water or steam

• Hydrogen

• actually hydrogen is energy carrier
• but it can create power.
• It is environmentally clean fuel.
•  = Create electricity when hydrogen and oxygen converts to the water

• Nuclear Power

• generates energy similar to fossil fuel plant
• Nuclear power generates by heat

• Solar power

• It is available anywhere on earth
• It provides heat, cooling, lighting, mechanical power, hot water heater, etc
• Solar panel is the flat model used to provide energy by using this.

• Water

• can be used to generate electricity
• does not pollute earth(little)
• it is renewable
• if u dam river or ocean it will make fish or animals that are living in the water.

• Wind

• It is form of solar energy.
• It generates energy by mechanical power.

What is electricity?

• Is the flow of electrical power or change.
• secondary energy source
• what we get after we convert primary sources 
• coal
• natrual gas
• oil
• nuclear power
• and etc
• Primary sources- can be renewable or non-renewable 
• Electricity- neither renewable nor non-renewable

• Green/Alternative Energy in South California

• In California 1.6% electricity are renewable energy
• E.g wood
• black
• liquor
•  waster 
• landfill methane 
• etc.
• California have been using hydropowder to generate electricity since 1942

Rock cycle science fair project safety contract

The Interactive Website taking notes.

1. Igneous rock (weathering and erosion)
2. Sedimentary rock(heat and pressure)
3. Metamorphic rock(melting>
4. Magma(cooling)
5. Comes back to igneous.*the order never changes it goes on and on.

Is it a Mineral

Observation of my friend's Mineral

Earth Scientist Paper and Measurement Paper (-3-)

Earth Scientist

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1veiOR4JHyUDo-l-nJDw_H6OpiOnUY2PJlgqQJwkdkVg/edit?usp=sharing

Measurement Paper

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GQfgCHcfvP7v473n9MEwhVBw5MaIF2CVre5P-i7lBNw/edit?usp=sharing

The Rock Cycle Process

Rock cycle

Introduction of Rocks

• As we recycle paper, plastic and other things, our Earth also recycles. The one of them are Rocks.
• Rocks are formed naturally formed that is solid mixture of one or more minerals.
• The process which the old rocks forms to new rocks is called rock cycle.
• Rocks were important natural resource in human society because all the tools were first made by rocks.
• tools

1. knives
2. spear points
3. scrapers
4. arrow heads
5. etc.

• buildings were made out of granite limestone marble sandstone and other.
• process to break down rocks in to fragments is wind, water, ice, and heat.
• They use process of erosion to remove sediment from its source.
• After erosion dropped and comes to rest it is called deposition.
• sedimentary rocks could also can be formed by buried sediment is squeezed by the weight or overlying the layers of sediment.
• If the heat and pressure is high enough they could change into metamorphic rock.

1. igneous rock (weathering and erosion)=>sedimentary rock(heat and pressure)=> metamorphic rock(melting=> magma(cooling)=>igneous.*the order never changes it goes on and on.

• composition- it describes a mineral that rocks contain.
• The size, shape, position determines *Texture
• fined grain, medium grained and coarse grained rocks.
• We can find out how did the rock formed and where did they formed by looking their texture.

The end by-Soohee jang G7A thank u -3-

My Topographic Map

Science E- portfolio